First Time Building Stairs - Everything You Need To Know

Introduction

Building stairs for the first time can be a daunting task, but with the right guidance, it becomes a manageable project. This tutorial will walk you through the essential steps to figure out, cut, and install your first staircase stringer. Understanding the terminology and math involved is crucial, so let’s get started!

Step 1: Understand Stair Terminology

Before you begin, familiarize yourself with some basic terms:

• Stringer: The inclined board that supports the treads and risers.
• Tread: The horizontal part of the step where you place your foot.
• Riser: The vertical part of the step that connects two treads.
• Rise: The height from one tread to the next.
• Run: The depth of a tread.

Understanding these terms will help you follow the instructions more effectively.

Step 2: Measure Your Space

Accurate measurements are critical when building stairs. Follow these steps:

1. Determine the total rise: Measure the vertical distance from the lower floor to the upper floor.
2. Decide the number of steps: A standard riser height is about 7 to 7.5 inches.
   • Total rise divided by riser height will give you the number of risers.
3. Calculate the total run: The run is typically about 10 to 11 inches per tread.
   • Multiply the number of treads by the chosen tread depth for the total run.
4. Confirm the angle: The angle of the stair should be comfortable; a common angle is between 30 to 37 degrees.

Step 3: Create a Layout

Now that you have your measurements, it’s time to lay out your stringer.

1. Draw the layout on your stringer board:
   • Use a speed square to mark the rise and run according to your calculations.
2. Mark the treads and risers:
   • Draw lines for each riser and tread using the measurements.
   • Ensure that the angles are consistent.

Step 4: Cut the Stringer

With the layout ready, it’s time to cut.

1. Secure the stringer board: Use clamps to hold it in place.
2. Cut along the marked lines:
   • Use a circular saw for straight cuts and a jigsaw for any notches.
3. Check for accuracy: After cutting, compare your stringer with your measurements to ensure precision.

Step 5: Test the Fit

Before final installation, test how your stringer fits in the space.

1. Place the stringer in position: Check if it aligns with the floor and landing.
2. Adjust if necessary: Make any minor adjustments to ensure a perfect fit.

Step 6: Install the Stringer

Once satisfied with the fit, it’s time to install the stringer.

1. Secure the bottom of the stringer: Use screws or nails to attach it to the floor.
2. Install the top: Secure the top of the stringer to the landing.
3. Check for level and stability: Use a level to confirm everything is even.

Conclusion

Building stairs may seem challenging, but by following these steps, you can create a sturdy and safe staircase. Remember to take accurate measurements and understand the basic terminology involved. Once your stringer is installed, you’ll be ready for the next steps, including adding treads and risers. For a more in-depth guide, check out Part 2 of this series. Happy building!