Sejarah Kerajaan Pajajaran (Lengkap)

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the Pajajaran Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of Sunda. Established in 932 AD and lasting until 1579 AD, Pajajaran played a significant role in the cultural and political landscape of West Java. This guide will take you through the key events, figures, and characteristics that defined this ancient Indonesian kingdom.

Step 1: Understand the Origins of Pajajaran

• Founding Figures: The Pajajaran Kingdom was founded by Tarusbawa in 669 AD (591 Saka).
• Predecessor Kingdom: Before becoming an independent kingdom, Pajajaran was a vassal state of the Tarumanagara Kingdom.
• Key Connection: The last king of Tarumanagara, Sri Maharaja Linggawarman, married Dewi Ganggasari, leading to the establishment of Pajajaran through Tarusbawa's marriage to Dewi Manasih.

Step 2: Explore the Growth and Structure of Pajajaran

• Capital and Territory: The kingdom's capital was located in Pakuan Pajajaran, which is present-day Bogor. The territory included parts of current Banten, Jakarta, and West Java.
• Economy and Trade: Pajajaran had two main ports, Kalapa and Banten, which facilitated trade and commerce.
• Cultural Influence: The kingdom was primarily influenced by Hinduism, which shaped its culture and governance.

Step 3: Analyze Key Historical Events

• Rebellion and Independence: After Linggawarman's death, Tarusbawa took power, leading to the rebellion of Wretikandayun, who established the independent Kingdom of Galuh.
• Political Dynamics: The relationships and conflicts between Pajajaran, Tarumanagara, and Galuh were crucial in shaping the region’s political landscape.

Step 4: Recognize the Decline of Pajajaran

• External Pressures: By the late 16th century, Pajajaran faced increasing pressures from the expanding Majapahit Empire, which contributed to its decline.
• Fall of Pajajaran: The kingdom ultimately fell in 1579, marking the end of an era in West Java's history.

Conclusion

The Pajajaran Kingdom is a significant part of Indonesian history, illustrating the complexities of political alliances, cultural evolution, and regional dynamics. Understanding its origins, growth, and decline provides valuable insights into the historical context of Java. For further exploration, consider studying the interactions between Pajajaran and neighboring kingdoms, such as Majapahit and Galuh, to gain a broader perspective on Southeast Asian history.