How to Build a Deck From Start to Finish

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the process of building a deck from start to finish, including key structural considerations, materials, and step-by-step instructions. Whether you're a DIY enthusiast or a homeowner looking to add value to your property, this guide covers everything you need to know to build a sturdy and visually appealing deck.

Step 1: Prepare the Site and Gather Materials

• Choose a suitable location for your deck and clear the area of debris.
• Gather necessary materials:
  • Deck ledger board
  • Drip caps
  • Joists (2x8 or 2x10)
  • Beams (flush or dropped)
  • Concrete blocks or pilings (for support)
  • Screws and galvanized nails
  • Building paper and peel-and-stick membrane for waterproofing

Step 2: Install the Ledger Board

• Attach the ledger board to the house at the desired height.
• Ensure proper waterproofing:
  • Place a piece of building paper behind the ledger.
  • Install a drip cap angled downward to guide water away from the house.
• Cut kerf cuts into the back of the ledger to allow water to run down and out.

Step 3: Understand Beam Types

• Decide between a dropped beam or a flush beam:
  • Dropped Beam: Sits below the ledger, allowing for a cantilever of up to 24 inches.
  • Flush Beam: Sits level with the joists, providing a clean look but less cantilever capability.
• Pre-build your beam based on the total length of your ledger.

Step 4: Set Up Posts and Beams

• Use concrete blocks as temporary supports if needed.
• Measure and mark the locations for the posts:
  • Ensure they are level and square.
  • Consider using a turnbuckle for additional stability if the deck is elevated.
• Secure the beams in place.

Step 5: Install Joists

• Cut your joists to length, typically 16 inches on center, adjusting as necessary for your deck design.
• Use concealed hangers to attach joists to the beams:
  • Pre-install joists, then add hangers for a level finish.
• Crown your joists to ensure they are installed correctly (the crown should face up).

Step 6: Install Midway Blocking

• Install blocking between joists to prevent sagging:
  • Cut blocks to size and screw them into place for a sturdy connection.
  • Ensure all cuts are square for a clean installation.
• Check joist spacing frequently to avoid bulging.

Step 7: Lay Deck Boards

• Plan the layout of your deck boards to avoid small cuts at the end:
  • Account for overhang for future stairs or nosing.
• Secure the deck boards using screws, ensuring they are flush and level.

Conclusion

Building a deck involves careful planning and execution, from initial site preparation to the final installation of deck boards. By following these steps, you can create a functional and attractive outdoor space. For future projects, consider adding features like stairs or a pergola for added functionality and aesthetic appeal. If you need more information on any specific step, feel free to reach out or check out additional resources on deck building.