KULTUR URIN DAN UJI SENSITIVITAS ANTIBIOTIK

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide on urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Understanding these procedures is essential for diagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs) and determining the appropriate antibiotic treatment. By following these steps, healthcare professionals and students can gain insights into the processes involved in urine analysis and its clinical applications.

Step 1: Collecting Urine Samples

• Preparation of Materials

  • Ensure sterile containers for urine collection.
  • Have gloves and wipes ready for hygiene.

• Patient Instructions

  • Instruct the patient to clean the genital area with a sterile wipe.
  • Advise them to collect a midstream urine sample to minimize contamination.

• Sample Collection

  • Ask the patient to start urinating, then stop and collect urine in the sterile container.
  • Fill the container sufficiently but avoid overfilling.

Step 2: Performing the Urine Culture

• Inoculation of Culture Media

  • Select appropriate culture media (e.g., CLED agar, MacConkey agar).
  • Using a sterile loop, transfer a small amount of urine onto the culture media.

• Incubation

  • Incubate the inoculated media at 35-37°C for 18-24 hours.
  • Monitor for growth of colonies.

• Interpretation of Results

  • Count the number of colonies. A count of >100,000 CFU/mL typically indicates a UTI.
  • Identify the bacterial species based on colony morphology and biochemical tests.

Step 3: Conducting Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing

• Preparation of Bacterial Suspension

  • Prepare a bacterial suspension from the culture using sterile saline to match a 0.5 McFarland standard.

• Inoculating Antibiotic Disks

  • Spread the bacterial suspension evenly on a Mueller-Hinton agar plate.
  • Place antibiotic disks on the surface of the agar.

• Incubation

  • Incubate the plate at 35-37°C for 18-24 hours.

• Reading Results

  • Measure the diameter of the inhibition zones around the antibiotic disks.
  • Compare the results to standardized interpretation charts to determine sensitivity or resistance.

Step 4: Documenting and Reporting Findings

• Record Results

  • Document the type of bacteria identified and their antibiotic sensitivities.
  • Include the patient’s information and any relevant clinical data.

• Communicate Results

  • Report the findings to the prescribing physician.
  • Discuss treatment options based on sensitivity results.

Conclusion

Urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing are vital processes in diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections. By following these detailed steps, healthcare professionals can ensure accurate results and effective patient care. For further learning, consider exploring advanced topics in microbiology and pharmacology related to infection management.