C# for Beginners | Full 2-hour course

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to C#, a powerful programming language used for various applications like web development, game creation, mobile apps, and more. By the end of this tutorial, you'll understand the basics of C# and how to build a simple bank account application. Follow along with the provided resources to enhance your learning experience.

Step 1: Understanding C#

• C# (pronounced "C sharp") is an object-oriented programming language developed by Microsoft.
• It is widely used in the .NET framework to build various types of applications.
• Key features include strong typing, garbage collection, and support for asynchronous programming.

Step 2: Writing Your First Program

• Start with the classic “Hello World” program.
• Code example:

  using System;
  
  class Program
  {
      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
          Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
      }
  }
  

• This program prints "Hello, World!" to the console.

Step 3: Exploring Strings

• Strings are sequences of characters.
• You can manipulate strings using various methods.
• Example of string declaration and basic operations:

  string message = "Welcome to C#";
  Console.WriteLine(message.Length); // Outputs the length of the string
  

Step 4: Searching Strings

• Use methods like Contains, IndexOf, and Substring to search through strings.
• Example:

  string text = "Hello, C# World";
  bool containsCSharp = text.Contains("C#"); // returns true
  

Step 5: Working with Numbers

• Understand different data types: integers, floats, and decimals.
• Mathematical operations can be performed using standard operators.
• Example of integer math:

  int a = 5;
  int b = 10;
  int sum = a + b; // sum is 15
  

Step 6: Understanding Branching

• Use if statements to execute code based on conditions.
• Example:

  if (a > b)
  {
      Console.WriteLine("a is greater than b");
  }
  else
  {
      Console.WriteLine("a is not greater than b");
  }
  

Step 7: Learning About Loops

• Loops allow you to execute a block of code multiple times.
• Common types include for, while, and foreach loops.
• Example of a for loop:

  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  {
      Console.WriteLine(i);
  }
  

Step 8: Combining Branches and Loops

• You can nest loops and conditional statements to create more complex logic.
• Example:

  for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
  {
      if (i % 2 == 0)
      {
          Console.WriteLine(i + " is even");
      }
  }
  

Step 9: Working with Arrays and Collections

• Arrays hold fixed-size, ordered collections of items.
• Lists are dynamic collections that can grow as needed.
• Example of an array:

  int[] numbers = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
  

Step 10: Debugging Your Code

• Learn how to identify and fix errors in your code.
• Use debugging tools in your development environment to step through code execution.

Step 11: Understanding Object-Oriented Programming

• C# is object-oriented, meaning it uses objects and classes to structure code.
• Define classes to create templates for objects.
• Example of a class:

  public class BankAccount
  {
      public string AccountHolder { get; set; }
      public double Balance { get; set; }
  }
  

Step 12: Creating Methods and Handling Exceptions

• Methods are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks.
• Handle exceptions using try-catch blocks.
• Example:

  try
  {
      // Code that may throw an exception
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
      Console.WriteLine("An error occurred: " + ex.Message);
  }
  

Conclusion

You have now covered the basics of C#, from writing your first program to understanding object-oriented principles and exception handling. As a next step, consider building a simple application, such as a bank account manager, using the concepts learned in this tutorial. Explore further resources and practice coding to solidify your understanding of C#. Happy coding!