PENGENALAN ALAT UKUR - Praktikum Fisika Dasar 1 Mekanika ITS Surabaya

Introduction

This tutorial introduces basic measuring tools used in physics experiments, specifically in mechanics. It aims to help students understand the functionality and application of various measuring instruments that are crucial for conducting experiments accurately.

Step 1: Understanding Measuring Instruments

• Familiarize yourself with the different types of measuring instruments used in physics, including:
  • Rulers and measuring tapes for linear measurements.
  • Vernier calipers for precise measurements of small objects.
  • Micrometers for measuring thickness or diameters with high accuracy.
• Practical Tip: Always check the calibration of your measuring instruments before use to ensure accuracy.

Step 2: Using a Ruler or Measuring Tape

• Select a ruler or measuring tape based on the length you need to measure.
• Place the ruler or tape straight along the object to get an accurate measurement.
• Read the measurement at eye level to avoid parallax errors.
• Common Pitfall: Ensure that the start of the ruler or tape aligns with the edge of the object; starting from an incorrect point can lead to inaccurate measurements.

Step 3: Using a Vernier Caliper

• Open the jaws of the caliper by sliding the movable part.
• Place the object between the jaws and close them gently until they touch the object.
• Read the measurement by combining the main scale reading with the Vernier scale reading:
  • Note the main scale value just before the zero of the Vernier scale.
  • Find the line on the Vernier scale that aligns with a line on the main scale for the additional value.
• Practical Tip: Practice with standard objects to improve your skill in reading the Vernier caliper accurately.

Step 4: Using a Micrometer

• Turn the thimble to open the micrometer.
• Insert the object between the anvil and the spindle and close until it gently touches the object.
• Read the measurement using the scale on the sleeve and the thimble:
  • The sleeve shows whole millimeter values.
  • The thimble indicates additional hundredths of a millimeter.
• Common Pitfall: Avoid applying excessive pressure while measuring, as this can deform the object and lead to inaccurate readings.

Step 5: Practical Applications and Best Practices

• Apply these measuring techniques in practical experiments, such as measuring the diameter of a wire or the length of a metal rod.
• Always record your measurements systematically to maintain an organized dataset.
• Ensure to double-check measurements for consistency and accuracy.

Conclusion

Understanding and correctly using measuring instruments is fundamental in conducting physics experiments. Familiarize yourself with rulers, Vernier calipers, and micrometers to enhance your experimental skills. As you practice, focus on accuracy and consistency to improve your results. Consider exploring further tutorials on specific experiments to apply these measuring techniques in real-world scenarios.