Prof. Dr. Susetiawan, S.U. (Teori-Teori Sosial)

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts of social theories as presented by Prof. Dr. Susetiawan, S.U. in his lecture on social theory paradigms, definitions, and their developments. Understanding these concepts is crucial for students and enthusiasts of sociology, as they form the foundation for analyzing social phenomena.

Step 1: Understand the Concept of Paradigms

• Definition of Paradigm: A paradigm is a framework containing the basic assumptions, ways of thinking, and methodology that are commonly accepted in a particular field.
• Significance: Recognizing paradigms helps in understanding how theories are developed and applied within sociology.
• Practical Tip: Familiarize yourself with various paradigms in sociology, such as positivism, interpretivism, and critical theory.

Step 2: Explore the Nature of Theories

• What is a Theory: A theory is a systematic explanation of underlying phenomena that seeks to understand and predict social behavior.
• Components of a Theory:
  • Concepts: Basic elements that define the theory.
  • Propositions: Statements that relate the concepts.
• Common Pitfalls: Avoid confusing theories with mere opinions; theories are based on systematic research and evidence.

Step 3: Examine the Development of Social Theories

• Historical Context: Understand how social theories have evolved over time in response to changing social, political, and economic conditions.
• Key Theorists: Familiarize yourself with influential figures such as Karl Marx, Max Weber, and Emile Durkheim.
• Real-World Application: Apply these theories to contemporary social issues, such as inequality, globalization, and identity politics.

Step 4: Analyze Different Social Theories

• Major Theoretical Frameworks:
  • Functionalism: Views society as a system of interconnected parts that work together.
  • Conflict Theory: Focuses on the struggles between classes and power dynamics.
  • Symbolic Interactionism: Examines how individuals create meaning through social interactions.
• Practical Tip: Compare and contrast these theories to understand their strengths and limitations.

Conclusion

In summary, this tutorial has outlined the essential concepts of social theories, including paradigms, definitions, and their historical development. Understanding these key elements will enhance your ability to analyze social phenomena critically. As a next step, consider delving deeper into specific theories and their applications to current social issues. Engaging with academic literature and discussions will further solidify your understanding of these fundamental concepts in sociology.