Ethiopian Education GRADE 10 New Curriculum Physics Unit 2 || Uniformly Accelerated Motion || part 3

Introduction

This tutorial focuses on uniformly accelerated motion, a key concept in physics, particularly for Grade 10 students following the Ethiopian education curriculum. By breaking down the principles and equations involved, this guide aims to help you understand the fundamentals and apply them effectively in exercises and real-world scenarios.

Step 1: Understand Uniform Acceleration

• Definition: Uniform acceleration refers to a constant change in velocity over time. This means that an object speeds up or slows down at a steady rate.

• Key Concepts:

  • Acceleration (a) is defined as the change in velocity (v) over time (t).
  • The formula to calculate acceleration is:

  [ a = \frac{\Delta v}{t} = \frac{v_f - v_i}{t} ] where:

  • ( v_f ) = final velocity
  • ( v_i ) = initial velocity

Step 2: Familiarize with Equations of Motion

• Key Equations: Several equations can be derived from uniformly accelerated motion. Here are the most commonly used ones:

  1. First Equation: [ v = v_i + at ]
  2. Second Equation: [ s = v_i t + \frac{1}{2} a t^2 ]
  3. Third Equation: [ v^2 = v_i^2 + 2as ]

• Where:

  • ( s ) = displacement
  • ( v ) = final velocity
  • ( v_i ) = initial velocity
  • ( a ) = acceleration
  • ( t ) = time

Step 3: Solve Problems Using the Equations

• Example Problem:

  • An object starts from rest (( v_i = 0 )) and accelerates at ( 2 , \text{m/s}^2 ) for ( 5 ) seconds. Find the final velocity and displacement.

• Solution Steps:

  1. Use the first equation to find final velocity: [ v = 0 + (2)(5) = 10 , \text{m/s} ]
  2. Use the second equation to find displacement: [ s = 0 \cdot 5 + \frac{1}{2} (2)(5^2) = 25 , \text{m} ]

• Tip: Always keep track of units and convert them if necessary.

Step 4: Apply Concepts to Real-World Scenarios

• Real-Life Applications: Understanding uniformly accelerated motion is crucial in various fields such as engineering, sports science, and transportation.

  • Example: Calculating the stopping distance of a vehicle when brakes are applied involves using these equations.

• Practical Tip: Try to visualize the scenarios. Drawing diagrams can help you understand motion and acceleration better.

Conclusion

Uniformly accelerated motion is a foundational concept in physics that has practical applications in the real world. By mastering the definitions, equations, and problem-solving strategies outlined in this tutorial, you will be well-prepared for your Grade 10 physics examinations. Practice with various problems, and consider real-world implications to deepen your understanding. For further study, refer to additional resources or practice exercises available in your curriculum.