Bentuk-bentuk Kekerasan dalam Permendikbudristek No. 46 Tahun 2023 tentang PPKSP

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of the types of violence addressed in Permendikbudristek No. 46 Tahun 2023, focusing on the prevention and handling of violence in educational environments. Understanding these forms of violence is crucial for creating safe and inclusive learning spaces.

Step 1: Understand Physical Violence

Physical violence refers to acts that cause bodily harm or injury. Recognizing this form of violence is essential for prevention.

• Examples of Physical Violence:
  • Hitting, kicking, or any form of physical assault
  • Using objects to inflict harm
  • Physical restraint or confinement

Practical Tip: Encourage open communication in educational settings to help students feel safe reporting incidents of physical violence.

Step 2: Recognize Psychological Violence

Psychological violence involves actions that cause emotional or mental harm.

• Examples of Psychological Violence:
  • Verbal abuse, threats, or intimidation
  • Manipulation or coercion
  • Isolation or exclusion from social groups

Common Pitfall to Avoid: Underestimating the impact of psychological violence. It can be just as damaging as physical violence.

Step 3: Identify Bullying

Bullying is a persistent form of aggression that can occur in various forms.

• Types of Bullying:
  • Verbal bullying (e.g., name-calling)
  • Social bullying (e.g., spreading rumors)
  • Cyberbullying (e.g., harassment through digital platforms)

Real-World Application: Establish clear anti-bullying policies and educate students on the importance of respect and inclusion.

Step 4: Acknowledge Sexual Violence

Sexual violence includes any unwanted sexual advance or act.

• Examples of Sexual Violence:
  • Unwanted touching or groping
  • Coercion into sexual activities
  • Sharing explicit content without consent

Practical Tip: Implement comprehensive sex education programs that teach consent and respect for others' boundaries.

Step 5: Understand Discrimination or Intolerance

Discrimination and intolerance manifest in actions that marginalize individuals based on their identity.

• Forms of Discrimination:
  • Racial or ethnic discrimination
  • Gender-based discrimination
  • Discrimination based on disability, religion, or sexual orientation

Common Pitfall to Avoid: Ignoring subtle forms of discrimination that can lead to a toxic environment.

Step 6: Recognize Policies Containing Violence

Certain institutional policies may inadvertently promote violence or intolerance.

• Examples:
  • Zero-tolerance policies that result in harsh disciplinary actions without context
  • Policies that fail to address the needs of marginalized groups

Practical Tip: Review and revise school policies to ensure they promote inclusivity and do not foster hostile environments.

Step 7: Establish TPPK and Satgas PPKSP

The establishment of the TPPK (Tim Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan) and Satgas PPKSP (Satuan Tugas Pencegahan dan Penanganan Kekerasan) is crucial for effective implementation of these guidelines.

• Roles of TPPK and Satgas PPKSP:
  • Develop strategies to prevent violence
  • Provide support and resources for victims
  • Facilitate training for staff and students on violence prevention

Real-World Application: Encourage the participation of all stakeholders, including students, parents, and teachers, in these committees.

Conclusion

Understanding the various forms of violence outlined in Permendikbudristek No. 46 Tahun 2023 is essential for creating a safe educational environment. By recognizing and addressing physical, psychological, bullying, sexual, discriminatory, and policy-related violence, educational institutions can foster a culture of respect and safety. Moving forward, schools should prioritize the establishment of supportive structures like TPPK and Satgas PPKSP to effectively combat these issues.