Mengenal Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Bapak Pendidikan Indonesia

Introduction

This tutorial introduces Ki Hadjar Dewantara, an influential figure in Indonesian education, and outlines his contributions and legacy. By understanding his life and philosophies, educators and students can draw inspiration from his teachings and approaches to education.

Step 1: Learn About Ki Hadjar Dewantara's Early Life

• Born on May 2, 1889, in Pakualam, Yogyakarta as Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat.
• Attended STOVIA (School of Medicine) but did not graduate due to health issues.
• Worked as a journalist for newspapers such as Oetoesan Hindia and Kaoem Moeda, where he began advocating for education and independence.

Step 2: Understand His Political Involvement

• In 1912, co-founded the Indische Partij with Douwes Dekker and Cipto Mangunkusumo, Indonesia's first political party aiming for independence from Dutch colonial rule.
• Wrote critical articles against the colonial government, notably "Seandainya Aku Seorang Belanda," which led to his exile in the Netherlands in 1913.

Step 3: Explore His Contributions to Education

• During his exile, he focused on educational reform and philosophy.
• Founded "Taman Siswa" in Yogyakarta on July 3, 1922, promoting national education that was accessible to all.
• Adopted the name Ki Hadjar Dewantara to connect better with the community and emphasize his commitment to education.

Step 4: Recognize His Role After Independence

• After Indonesia gained independence in 1945, he became the first Minister of Education, Teaching, and Culture.
• His policies focused on creating a more inclusive and effective education system.

Step 5: Reflect on His Educational Philosophy

• Dewantara created three guiding principles for education:
  • Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha: Leading by example.
  • Ing Madya Mangun Karsa: Encouraging enthusiasm in the middle.
  • Tut Wuri Handayani: Providing support from behind.
• These principles are foundational in Indonesian education and reflect his belief in holistic teaching.

Conclusion

Ki Hadjar Dewantara’s legacy as the "Father of Indonesian Education" continues to influence educators and students today. His emphasis on accessible education, leadership through example, and encouragement remains relevant. To explore his contributions further, consider engaging with local educational institutions or commemorative events on National Education Day, celebrated on December 16, his birthday.