IPS kelas 9 BAB 3 tantangan pembangunan Indonesia masa Orde lama kurikulum merdeka semester 2 genap

Introduction

This tutorial provides an overview of the challenges faced in Indonesia's development during the Orde Lama period. It is designed for ninth-grade students following the Kurikulum Merdeka and aims to summarize key concepts and events that shaped Indonesia's socio-economic landscape during this time.

Step 1: Understand the Historical Context

• Familiarize yourself with the Orde Lama period, which spans from 1945 to 1966.
• Recognize the political climate, including the rise of Sukarno and the implementation of guided democracy.
• Explore the economic challenges Indonesia faced, such as independence struggles and the impact of colonialism.

Step 2: Identify the Major Challenges in Development

• Economic Instability

  • Understand how the economy was affected by both domestic and international factors.
  • Analyze inflation and the scarcity of essential goods as significant issues.

• Social Challenges

  • Examine the societal divisions and regional disparities that arose during this period.
  • Discuss the role of education and healthcare in societal development.

• Political Issues

  • Investigate the implications of political instability and how it hindered developmental efforts.
  • Discuss conflicts with other political groups and the rise of communism.

Step 3: Analyze Government Policies and Responses

• Review Sukarno's policies aimed at addressing economic and social issues.

  • Look into the implementation of the Devisa policy to stabilize the economy.
  • Study programs initiated for land reform and agricultural development.

• Evaluate the effectiveness of these policies.

  • Consider both successes and failures in achieving intended outcomes.

Step 4: Explore the Impact on the Indonesian Society

• Assess how the challenges of the Orde Lama period influenced daily life for Indonesians.

• Discuss changes in employment, education, and social mobility.

• Analyze the long-term effects of these challenges on future Indonesian policies and governance.

Conclusion

The Orde Lama period was marked by significant challenges that shaped Indonesia's development trajectory. By understanding these issues—economic instability, social disparities, and political conflicts—students can gain insights into Indonesia's complex history. For further exploration, consider investigating the subsequent Orde Baru period and its policies to see how they addressed or perpetuated earlier challenges.