Color Correction in Photoshop #3 – Photoshop Histogram-Based Color And Tone Corrections by Taz Tally

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the process of color correction in Photoshop using the Histogram Panel. You'll learn how to evaluate and adjust color balance and tonal distribution in images. By the end, you'll be equipped to make non-destructive adjustments using Curves Adjustment Layers, targeting specific tonal areas, and understanding the benefits of starting with high bit depth RAW files.

Step 1: Evaluate Your Image with the Histogram Panel

• Open your image in Photoshop.
• Navigate to the Histogram Panel by selecting Window > Histogram.
• Familiarize yourself with the histogram display:
  • The left side represents shadows.
  • The middle shows midtones.
  • The right side indicates highlights.
• Check for clipping:
  • Clipping occurs when details are lost in shadows or highlights.
  • Aim for a balanced histogram that utilizes the full tonal range without excessive clipping.

Step 2: Adjust Color Balance Using Curves Adjustment Layers

• Create a Curves Adjustment Layer by selecting Layer > New Adjustment Layer > Curves.
• In the Curves panel, you’ll see a graph representing the tonal range.
• Adjust the individual color channels:
  • Click on the dropdown menu at the top of the Curves panel to select Red, Green, or Blue.
  • Use control points on the curve to modify color balance.
  • For example, dragging the curve upwards brightens that color channel, while dragging it down reduces it.
• Observe changes in real-time in the image to ensure the desired balance.

Step 3: Use the Master Curve for Tonal Adjustments

• With the Curves Adjustment Layer still active, click on the Master channel.
• Adjust the overall brightness and contrast:
  • Create control points on the curve to target specific tonal areas.
  • Move the lower section of the curve to darken shadows and the upper section to brighten highlights.
• Check the image after each adjustment to ensure it matches your vision.

Step 4: Target Specific Tonal Areas

• Identify tonal areas that need adjustment, such as shadows with low detail.
• Create additional control points on the curve to refine adjustments:
  • Use a gentle curve for subtle changes.
  • Keep an eye on the histogram to avoid clipping during adjustments.
• If needed, isolate adjustments using Layer Groups:
  • Group related adjustment layers to keep your workflow organized.

Step 5: Begin with High Bit Depth RAW Files

• Understand the advantages of working with RAW files:
  • Higher bit depth allows for smoother color transitions and more detail retention.
  • RAW files provide greater flexibility in post-processing adjustments.
• If possible, shoot in RAW for future projects to maximize image quality.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you've learned how to use Photoshop's Histogram Panel for effective color correction. By creating Curves Adjustment Layers, adjusting color balance, and targeting specific tonal areas, you can enhance your images non-destructively. Remember to start with high bit depth RAW files for optimal results. Practice these techniques to refine your skills and elevate your photo editing capabilities.