Praktikum SIG Kehutanan Pertemuan 2 (Sumber peta, Simbologi & Labelisasi) Menggunakan Software QGIS

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide on creating a practical report related to forestry geographic information systems (GIS) using QGIS software. The focus is on understanding map sources, symbology, and labeling, which are crucial for effective data visualization and analysis in forestry.

Step 1: Understanding Map Sources

• Identify Data Sources: Begin by determining the types of data you will be using in your project. Common sources include:
  • Satellite imagery
  • Aerial photographs
  • Existing GIS layers
• Download Data: Use reliable platforms to download the data. Ensure you have appropriate permissions to use the data.
• Organize Data: Create a folder structure on your computer to store the downloaded data neatly, segregating it by type for easy access later.

Step 2: Importing Data into QGIS

• Open QGIS: Launch the QGIS application on your computer.
• Load Data:
  • Go to the "Layer" menu, select "Add Layer," then choose "Add Vector Layer" or "Add Raster Layer" based on your data type.
  • Browse to the location of your data and select it.
• Check Coordinate Reference Systems (CRS): Ensure that your data layers are in the same CRS for accurate alignment and analysis. You can set the project CRS in the bottom right corner of the QGIS interface.

Step 3: Applying Symbology

• Select Layer: Click on the layer you want to style in the Layers panel.
• Open Layer Properties: Right-click on the layer and select "Properties."
• Choose Symbology:
  • Navigate to the "Symbology" tab.
  • Select the type of symbology that fits your data (e.g., single symbol, categorized, or graduated).
• Customize Symbols:
  • Adjust colors, sizes, and labels for better visualization.
  • Preview changes in real-time to ensure clarity and effectiveness.

Step 4: Labeling Features

• Open Layer Properties: Again, right-click on the layer and select "Properties."
• Navigate to Labels: Click on the "Labels" tab.
• Enable Labeling: Choose "Single labels" to start labeling features.
• Set Label Field: Select the attribute field that will serve as the label (e.g., names of features).
• Customize Labels:
  • Adjust font size, color, and placement for optimal visibility.
  • Use the "Placement" options to avoid overlap and ensure readability.

Step 5: Exporting Your Map

• Export Map:
  • Go to "Project" in the top menu and select "Import/Export."
  • Choose "Export Map to Image" or "Print Layout" for a more detailed output.
• Select Format: Choose the appropriate format (PNG, JPEG, PDF) based on your needs.
• Save File: Name your file and select a destination folder for easy retrieval.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned how to create a practical report using QGIS by understanding map sources, applying symbology, and labeling features. These skills are essential for effectively visualizing and communicating spatial data in forestry. As your next steps, consider exploring advanced QGIS functionalities such as spatial analysis or integrating additional data layers for more comprehensive projects.