Gus Baha : Gojlok Mama Ghufron (Fiqih Dulu Jangan Hanya Belajar Keramat Tasawuf)

Introduction

This tutorial summarizes the teachings of Gus Baha regarding the importance of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) in conjunction with tasawuf (Islamic mysticism). It presents practical insights for applying fiqh in daily life, understanding iddah (waiting period), and maintaining a balance between spiritual and legal knowledge.

Step 1: Understand the Importance of Fiqh

• Ijtihad from Ar-Risalah: Learn how to apply the principles of ijtihad (independent reasoning) from Imam Syafi’i’s Ar-Risalah to everyday situations.
• Avoid Complacency: Recognize that merely studying tasawuf without fiqh can lead to ignorance, as it may create a false sense of security about one’s knowledge.

Step 2: Learn About Iddah

Categories of Iddah: Familiarize yourself with the various forms of iddah

• Three menstrual cycles
• Four months and ten days
• Until childbirth (for pregnant women)
• Social Considerations: Understand that the context and social scenario play a significant role in how iddah is observed.

Step 3: Balance Fiqh and Tasawuf

• Imam Syafi’i's View: Acknowledge Imam Syafi’i’s skepticism towards tasawuf when it is disconnected from fiqh. He emphasized that without a grounding in legal principles, spiritual pursuits can lead to confusion.
• Avoid Extremes: Ensure that your spiritual practices do not overshadow your obligations to understand and practice fiqh.

Step 4: Recognize the Role of Hasud

When Hasud is Permissible: Understand that jealousy (hasud) can be acceptable in two scenarios

• Defending one’s rights
• Protecting others’ rights
• Caution Against Excess: Avoid letting personal desires influence your feelings of jealousy.

Step 5: The Value of Learning Fiqh

• Impact of Fiqh Education: Recognize the transformative power of fiqh education, as demonstrated by the Walisongo, who instilled a sense of halal and haram in the community.
• Practical Applications: Apply fiqh principles to everyday decisions, ensuring that even those engaged in wrongdoing consider the legality of their actions.

Step 6: The Risks of Solely Engaging in Tasawuf

• Wahdatil Wujud: Understand the concept of wahdatil wujud (unity of existence) and how it can lead to misguided beliefs if one neglects fiqh.
• Historical Contexts: Be aware of figures like Al-Hallaj and Syekh Siti Jenar, whose disregard for legal principles led to controversy.

Step 7: Importance of Community in Worship

• Sowan Kyai and Community Prayer: Reflect on the significance of seeking guidance from knowledgeable individuals (kyai) and participating in communal prayers.
• Safety in Numbers: Just as driving in a group can provide safety, so does engaging in communal worship that supports spiritual growth.

Step 8: Study of Fiqh in Classical Texts

• Ihya Ulumuddin: Explore traditional texts like Ihya Ulumuddin, which, while recognized for tasawuf, contain significant fiqh teachings that are essential for a balanced understanding.
• Value of Knowledge: Seek to deepen your understanding of both fiqh and tasawuf to enrich your spiritual and practical life.

Step 9: Grasp the Concept of Iddah for Women

• Understanding Iddah's Purpose: Recognize that iddah is primarily for women to ensure the integrity of lineage and to protect their rights.
• Legal Aspects: Understand that iddah serves as a legal protection for women, allowing time for clarity regarding parentage and personal circumstances.

Conclusion

Balancing the study of fiqh and tasawuf is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of Islamic teachings. Embrace the practical applications of fiqh in daily life, remain aware of the importance of community, and continue to deepen your knowledge through classical texts. This holistic approach will not only enhance your spiritual journey but also ensure that your actions align with Islamic principles.