CIRI-CIRI SOSIOLOGI SEBAGAI ILMU PENGETAHUAN DAN METODE ILMIAH - Materi Sosiologi Kelas 10 SMA

Introduction

This tutorial provides a step-by-step guide to understanding the characteristics of sociology as a scientific discipline. It is based on the educational content presented in a video aimed at high school students studying sociology. The focus will be on the four key traits of sociology: empirical, theoretical, cumulative, and non-ethical, and how these elements contribute to the field of sociology.

Step 1: Understand the Empirical Nature of Sociology

• Definition: Sociology is grounded in observable phenomena. It relies on data collected through research methods such as surveys, interviews, and observations.

Practical Advice

• Engage in field studies or observe social interactions to gather data.
• Use statistical tools to analyze the collected data for better understanding of social patterns.

Step 2: Grasp the Theoretical Foundations of Sociology

• Definition: Sociology is theoretical, meaning it develops and tests concepts and theories about social behavior and structures.

Practical Advice

• Familiarize yourself with key sociological theories from notable scholars such as Émile Durkheim, Max Weber, and C. Wright Mills.
• Apply these theories to interpret real-world social phenomena and case studies.

Step 3: Recognize the Cumulative Aspect of Sociology

• Definition: Sociology builds upon existing knowledge. It incorporates previous research findings into new studies, enhancing the understanding of social issues.

Practical Advice

• Review literature from past sociological studies to see how theories and findings have evolved.
• Consider how current research can be built upon to address new social challenges.

Step 4: Acknowledge the Non-Ethical Stance of Sociology

• Definition: Sociology aims to study social phenomena objectively, without moral judgments influencing the research.

Practical Advice

• Practice neutrality when conducting sociological research. Focus on facts rather than personal opinions.
• Understand that while sociology explores human behavior, it does not prescribe how individuals should act.

Conclusion

Sociology is a multifaceted discipline characterized by its empirical, theoretical, cumulative, and non-ethical foundations. By understanding these traits, students can better appreciate how sociology operates as a science. Next steps may include exploring specific sociological theories in depth, conducting empirical research, or engaging in discussions about the implications of sociological findings in contemporary society. For further resources, consider visiting educational websites or contacting instructors for additional materials.