Part 2 | Variables Datatypes & I/O Operations | C Programming Malayalam Tutorial

Introduction

This tutorial focuses on understanding variables, data types, and input/output operations in C programming. By the end of this guide, you'll have a foundational knowledge of how to declare and use different data types, handle user input, and output results to the console.

Step 1: Understanding Programming Basics

• Definition of Programming: Programming involves creating a set of instructions that a computer can execute. It enables you to perform tasks and manipulate data.
• Console Output: Utilize the printf function to display messages or results on the console.

Step 2: Working with Variables

• What is a Variable: A variable is a named storage location in memory that can hold a value.
• Declaration: To declare a variable, specify the data type followed by the variable name.

  int age; // Declaration of an integer variable
  float salary; // Declaration of a float variable
  char grade; // Declaration of a character variable
  

Step 3: Exploring Data Types

• Integer: Used to store whole numbers.
• Float: Used to store decimal numbers.
• Character: Used to store single characters.

Practical Tip

Choose the right data type based on the nature of the data you need to store. This affects memory usage and the precision of the values.

Step 4: Variable Initialization

• Initialization: Assign a value to a variable at the time of declaration.

  int age = 25; // Initializing an integer variable
  float salary = 50000.50; // Initializing a float variable
  char grade = 'A'; // Initializing a character variable
  

Step 5: Input Operations

• Using scanf for Input: Utilize the scanf function to read user input.

  scanf("%d", &age); // Reading an integer input
  scanf("%f", &salary); // Reading a float input
  scanf(" %c", &grade); // Reading a character input
  

Step 6: Performing Calculations

• Basic Operators: Understand how to use operators for calculations.
  • Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %
  • Relational Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
  • Logical Operators: &&, ||, !
  • Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, etc.

Step 7: Example Code for Summation

Here’s a simple example demonstrating the use of variables and input/output operations:

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int num1, num2, sum;
    printf("Enter two integers: ");
    scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2);
    sum = num1 + num2;
    printf("Sum: %d\n", sum);
    return 0;
}

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned about the core concepts of variables, data types, and basic input/output operations in C programming. To further enhance your skills, practice writing simple programs using these concepts. Experiment with different data types and operators to see how they work in various scenarios. Continue exploring programming through additional tutorials and hands-on projects.