le Bauhaus, 100 ans de style - Karambolage - ARTE

Introduction

This tutorial explores the significance of the Bauhaus movement, a pivotal artistic school founded in Germany a century ago. We will outline its key principles, influential figures, and lasting impact on design and architecture. Understanding the Bauhaus is essential for anyone interested in modern art and design.

Step 1: Understand the Origins of Bauhaus

• The Bauhaus school was founded in 1919 in Weimar, Germany, by architect Walter Gropius.
• It emerged as a response to the industrial revolution and aimed to unify art, craft, and technology.
• The name "Bauhaus" translates to "building house," reflecting its focus on architecture and design.

Step 2: Explore the Key Principles of Bauhaus

• Functionalism: Design should prioritize utility and function over ornamental aesthetics.
• Simplicity: Emphasis on clean lines and minimalism, avoiding unnecessary embellishments.
• Integration of Art and Technology: Bridging the gap between artistic creativity and industrial production.

Step 3: Recognize Influential Figures

• Walter Gropius: Founder of the Bauhaus, he emphasized collaboration among artists, architects, and craftsmen.
• László Moholy-Nagy: Influential teacher at the Bauhaus, he promoted the use of modern materials and photography.
• Marcel Breuer: Known for his innovative furniture designs, particularly using tubular steel.

Step 4: Identify Key Projects and Works

• The Bauhaus building in Dessau, designed by Gropius, is an iconic example of its architectural philosophy.
• Furniture designs such as the Wassily Chair by Breuer showcase the combination of form and function.
• The use of color and geometric forms in the works of Bauhaus artists like Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky.

Step 5: Understand the Global Impact of Bauhaus

• The Bauhaus movement influenced modernist architecture and design worldwide, extending to disciplines such as graphic design, textiles, and urban planning.
• Many Bauhaus principles can be seen in contemporary design practices, emphasizing sustainability and user-centered design.

Conclusion

The Bauhaus movement fundamentally reshaped the landscape of modern design and architecture. By understanding its origins, principles, and key figures, you can appreciate its enduring legacy. To delve deeper, consider exploring specific Bauhaus designs or visiting museums that feature Bauhaus art and architecture.