Encontro síncrono 16/05/2025 - FIC Geoprocessamento Básico no Software QGIS (2025/1)

Introduction

This tutorial aims to guide you through the fundamental concepts and operations of QGIS, as covered during the synchronous meeting held on May 16, 2025, as part of the Basic Geoprocessing course offered by the Instituto Federal de Brasília. Whether you're a beginner or looking to reinforce your skills, this step-by-step guide will provide you with the necessary tools to navigate and apply QGIS effectively.

Step 1: Setting Up QGIS

1. Download and Install QGIS

   • Visit the QGIS official website.
   • Select the appropriate version for your operating system (Windows, Mac, or Linux).
   • Follow the installation instructions provided on the website.

2. Open QGIS

   • Launch the QGIS application after installation.
   • Familiarize yourself with the user interface, including the main menu, toolbars, and map canvas.

Step 2: Importing Data

1. Add Vector Data

   • Click on the "Layer" menu.
   • Select "Add Layer" and then "Add Vector Layer."
   • Browse to your data file (e.g., Shapefile, GeoJSON) and click "Open."

2. Add Raster Data

   • Go to the "Layer" menu.
   • Choose "Add Layer" and then "Add Raster Layer."
   • Locate your raster file and click "Open."

Step 3: Exploring the Data

1. View Layers in the Map Canvas

   • Check the Layers panel on the left to see your imported layers.
   • Use the zoom and pan tools to explore the map.

2. Layer Properties

   • Right-click on a layer in the Layers panel.
   • Select "Properties" to adjust settings like style, transparency, and labeling.

Step 4: Basic Geoprocessing Operations

1. Buffering

   • Select the layer you want to buffer.
   • Go to the "Processing" menu and choose "Toolbox."
   • Search for "Buffer" and double-click on it.
   • Set the buffer distance and specify the output location.

2. Clipping

   • In the Processing Toolbox, search for "Clip."
   • Select the input layer and the overlay layer.
   • Define the output file and run the tool.

Step 5: Visualizing and Exporting Maps

1. Creating a Map Layout

   • Go to "Project" and select "New Print Layout."
   • Name your layout and click "OK."
   • Use the layout tools to add map elements (e.g., legend, scale bar, title).

2. Exporting the Map

   • Click on "Layout" in the layout window.
   • Choose "Export as Image" or "Export as PDF."
   • Set your desired resolution and export the file.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you have learned how to set up QGIS, import and explore data, perform basic geoprocessing tasks, and create and export maps. These foundational skills will serve you well in your geospatial projects. For further exploration, consider diving deeper into advanced geoprocessing tools and spatial analysis techniques available in QGIS.