PARTE I: Curso Completo - Ethical Hacking e Pentest (14 horas de Vídeo Gratuito)

Introduction

This tutorial outlines the key steps and concepts from the complete course on Ethical Hacking and Penetration Testing offered by Empire Cybersecurity TV. It provides a structured approach to learning the essentials of cybersecurity, including setting up a lab, understanding networks, and performing penetration tests. Whether you are a beginner in IT or looking to specialize, this guide will help you navigate the complex world of ethical hacking.

Step 1: Preparing Your Laboratory

• Set up a safe environment for practice.
• Use virtual machines (VMs) to avoid compromising your main system.
• Recommended tools:
  • VirtualBox or VMware for virtualization.
  • Kali Linux for penetration testing.
• Ensure you have the necessary hardware resources (RAM, CPU, storage).

Step 2: Introduction to Computer Networks

• Understand fundamental networking concepts:
  • TCP/IP model and OSI model.
  • Common protocols (HTTP, FTP, TCP, UDP).
• Learn about network devices (routers, switches, firewalls).
• Practical tip: Use network simulation tools like Cisco Packet Tracer to visualize network configurations.

Step 3: Introduction to Linux

• Familiarize yourself with the Linux operating system:
  • Learn basic commands (e.g., ls, cd, mkdir).
  • Understand file permissions and user management.
• Recommended resources:
  • Online Linux tutorials.
  • Practice in a Linux environment (e.g., using Kali Linux).

Step 4: Basic Python Programming

• Learn Python for scripting and automation in ethical hacking:
  • Start with basic syntax, data types, and control structures.
  • Write simple scripts to perform tasks (e.g., network scanning).
• Example script for basic networking:

  import socket
  
  def get_ip_info(hostname):
      return socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
  
  print(get_ip_info('example.com'))
  

Step 5: Understanding Hackers and Penetration Testing

• Explore different types of hackers (white hat, black hat, gray hat).
• Understand the phases of penetration testing:
  • Planning and reconnaissance.
  • Scanning and enumeration.
  • Gaining access.
  • Maintaining access and covering tracks.

Step 6: Reconnaissance

• Learn techniques for gathering information about a target:
  • Use tools like Nmap for network scanning.
  • Perform WHOIS lookups and DNS queries.
• Practical tip: Document findings for future reference.

Step 7: Scanning and Enumeration

• Understand the scanning process:
  • Identify live hosts and services running on them.
  • Use tools like Nmap and Wireshark.
• Enumeration techniques:
  • Extract detailed information from the target system (e.g., user accounts, shares).

Step 8: Gaining Access

• Learn methods to exploit vulnerabilities:
  • Understand common attack vectors (e.g., SQL injection, XSS).
  • Use tools like Metasploit for exploitation.
• Important reminder: Always have permission before testing any system.

Step 9: Conducting Penetration Tests on Windows and Linux

• Explore black box testing methodologies:
  • Perform tests without prior knowledge of the target.
  • Focus on real-world scenarios and potential vulnerabilities.
• Document each step of the testing process.

Step 10: Creating Final Penetration Testing Reports

• Learn how to compile your findings into a comprehensive report:
  • Include an executive summary, methodology, and recommendations.
  • Use clear visuals and data to support your findings.
• Practical tip: Tailor reports to different audiences (technical vs. non-technical).

Conclusion

This tutorial provides a structured approach to ethical hacking and penetration testing, covering essential topics from laboratory preparation to reporting. To further your skills, practice regularly and consider enrolling in advanced courses. Remember, ethical hacking requires responsibility and adherence to legal standards. Happy hacking!