Albarino, Viognier, Gerwurztraminer: What You Need to Know for WSET L2 in Wines + 10 questions

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive overview of three notable white wine grape varieties: Albariño, Viognier, and Gewürztraminer. Understanding these grapes is essential for anyone studying for the WSET Level 2 in Wines. We will explore their characteristics, viticulture, winemaking processes, labeling, and key appellations. Additionally, we will include ten exam-type questions to test your knowledge.

Step 1: Understand the Characteristics of Each Grape Variety

Each grape variety has unique flavors and aromas that define its profile.

• Albariño:

  • Origin: Primarily grown in Spain, especially in the Rías Baixas region.
  • Flavor Profile: Citrus fruits (like lemon and grapefruit), stone fruits (peach, apricot), floral notes, and a mineral quality.
  • Acidity: High acidity, making it refreshing and food-friendly.

• Viognier:

  • Origin: Originally from the Rhône Valley in France.
  • Flavor Profile: Aromas of peach, apricot, and floral notes (like jasmine), with a creamy texture.
  • Acidity: Lower acidity compared to other whites, often resulting in a fuller mouthfeel.

• Gewürztraminer:

  • Origin: Known for its roots in the Alsace region of France.
  • Flavor Profile: Lychee, rose petals, and spice, with a rich, oily texture.
  • Acidity: Moderate acidity, often sweet or off-dry.

Step 2: Explore Viticulture and Winemaking Practices

Understanding how these grapes are grown and processed is crucial for appreciating their qualities.

• Albariño:

  • Viticulture: Grows well in coastal regions with well-drained soils.
  • Winemaking: Often fermented in stainless steel to preserve freshness. Some winemakers may use lees stirring for added complexity.

• Viognier:

  • Viticulture: Sensitive to climate and requires careful handling to avoid overripening.
  • Winemaking: Can be fermented in oak for added richness. Often undergoes malolactic fermentation to soften acidity.

• Gewürztraminer:

  • Viticulture: Thrives in cooler climates. Careful canopy management is vital for grape quality.
  • Winemaking: Typically fermented at cooler temperatures to retain aromatic profiles. Can be made in dry or sweet styles.

Step 3: Learn About Labeling and Appellations

Familiarity with labeling and key regions will help you identify these wines.

• Albariño:

  • Appellation: Rías Baixas (Spain) is the most recognized.
  • Labeling: Look for "Albariño" on labels for varietal wines; check for the Rías Baixas designation.

• Viognier:

  • Appellations: Condrieu (France) is the premium region known for Viognier.
  • Labeling: May be labeled as a varietal or as part of a blend, especially in the Rhône.

• Gewürztraminer:

  • Appellations: Alsace (France) is the region most associated with this grape.
  • Labeling: Look for "Gewürztraminer" on the label; Alsace wines often include the region name.

Step 4: Test Your Knowledge

After learning about these grape varieties, it’s important to assess your understanding. Here are ten exam-type questions to practice:

1. What are the primary flavor characteristics of Albariño?
2. In which region is Viognier primarily grown?
3. Describe the typical acidity level of Gewürztraminer.
4. How does the winemaking process differ for Albariño compared to Viognier?
5. Name one major appellation for each of the three grape varieties.
6. What are the common aromas found in Viognier?
7. Why is canopy management important for Gewürztraminer?
8. What is the typical mouthfeel of Albariño wines?
9. Which grape variety is known for its floral notes and lychee aroma?
10. How does the winemaking approach for Gewürztraminer vary between dry and sweet styles?

Conclusion

In summary, understanding the characteristics, viticulture, winemaking, and labeling of Albariño, Viognier, and Gewürztraminer is vital for WSET Level 2 studies. Testing your knowledge with the provided questions will help reinforce your learning. Next, consider tasting wines from these varieties to enhance your practical understanding. Stay curious and continue expanding your wine knowledge!