PHP Crud Operations - Select, Insert, Update, Delete | PHP Tutorial For Beginners | Simplilearn

Introduction

This tutorial will guide you through the fundamental CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in PHP, specifically tailored for beginners. By the end of this guide, you will understand how to interact with a MySQL database using PHP, leveraging tools like XAMPP and Visual Studio Code.

Step 1: Setting Up Your Environment

To start working with PHP and MySQL, you need to set up your development environment.

1. Install XAMPP:

   • Download XAMPP from the official website.
   • Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

2. Start Apache and MySQL:

   • Open the XAMPP Control Panel.
   • Click on Start next to Apache and MySQL.

3. Create a Database:

   • Access phpMyAdmin by navigating to http://localhost/phpmyadmin.
   • Click on Databases and create a new database (e.g., crud_example).

Step 2: Creating the Database Table

Now, you need to create a table to perform CRUD operations.

1. Create a Table:

   • In phpMyAdmin, select your database.
   • Click on SQL and run the following command to create a table:

   CREATE TABLE users (
       id INT(11) AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
       name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
       email VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
   );
   

Step 3: Connecting to the Database

You will need to connect your PHP application to the MySQL database.

1. Create a Connection File:

   • In your project folder, create a file named db.php and add the following code:

   <?php
   $servername = "localhost";
   $username = "root"; // default XAMPP username
   $password = ""; // default XAMPP password
   $dbname = "crud_example";
   
   // Create connection
   $conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
   
   // Check connection
   if ($conn->connect_error) {
       die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
   }
   ?>
   

Step 4: Creating the CRUD Operations

You will implement the four basic CRUD operations.

Create Operation

1. Insert Data:

   • Create a file named create.php and add the following code:

   <?php
   include 'db.php';
   
   if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
       $name = $_POST['name'];
       $email = $_POST['email'];
   
       $sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('$name', '$email')";
       if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
           echo "New record created successfully";
       } else {
           echo "Error: " . $sql . "<br>" . $conn->error;
       }
   }
   ?>
   <form method="post" action="">
       Name: <input type="text" name="name" required>
       Email: <input type="email" name="email" required>
       <input type="submit" value="Submit">
   </form>
   

Read Operation

1. Fetch Data:

   • Create a file named read.php to display the data:

   <?php
   include 'db.php';
   
   $sql = "SELECT id, name, email FROM users";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);
   
   if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
       while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
           echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["name"]. " - Email: " . $row["email"]. "<br>";
       }
   } else {
       echo "0 results";
   }
   ?>
   

Update Operation

1. Update Data:

   • Create a file named update.php and add the following code:

   <?php
   include 'db.php';
   
   if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
       $id = $_POST['id'];
       $name = $_POST['name'];
       $email = $_POST['email'];
   
       $sql = "UPDATE users SET name='$name', email='$email' WHERE id=$id";
       if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
           echo "Record updated successfully";
       } else {
           echo "Error updating record: " . $conn->error;
       }
   }
   ?>
   <form method="post" action="">
       ID: <input type="text" name="id" required>
       Name: <input type="text" name="name" required>
       Email: <input type="email" name="email" required>
       <input type="submit" value="Update">
   </form>
   

Delete Operation

1. Delete Data:

   • Create a file named delete.php:

   <?php
   include 'db.php';
   
   if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
       $id = $_POST['id'];
   
       $sql = "DELETE FROM users WHERE id=$id";
       if ($conn->query($sql) === TRUE) {
           echo "Record deleted successfully";
       } else {
           echo "Error deleting record: " . $conn->error;
       }
   }
   ?>
   <form method="post" action="">
       ID: <input type="text" name="id" required>
       <input type="submit" value="Delete">
   </form>
   

Conclusion

In this tutorial, you learned how to set up a PHP environment and perform basic CRUD operations with a MySQL database. You created a database, established a connection, and implemented the functionality to create, read, update, and delete records.

Next, you can explore more advanced topics such as prepared statements for security, using frameworks like Laravel, or creating RESTful APIs. Happy coding!