basic hidrolik pada alat berat berdasarkan hydraulic diagram #hydraulic

Introduction

In this tutorial, we will explore the basics of hydraulic systems in heavy machinery, focusing specifically on the hydraulic diagram used in Komatsu construction equipment. Understanding these fundamental components and principles is essential for anyone working in construction or machinery maintenance. This guide will break down the hydraulic system, its components, and their functions to help you operate and maintain hydraulic equipment efficiently.

Step 1: Understanding the Hydraulic Tank

• Function: The hydraulic tank serves as a reservoir to store hydraulic oil and helps in cooling the oil.
• Practical Advice:
  • Regularly check the oil level in the tank to ensure optimal performance.
  • Inspect the tank for any leaks or damage that could lead to oil loss.

Step 2: The Role of the Hydraulic Pump

• Function: The hydraulic pump is responsible for circulating hydraulic oil from the tank to the system.
• Practical Advice:
  • Monitor the pump for unusual noises or vibrations, which may indicate wear or damage.
  • Ensure that the pump is properly lubricated and serviced according to the manufacturer's recommendations.

Step 3: Control Valve Operation

• Function: The control valve directs the flow of hydraulic oil throughout the system and maintains pressure limits using a relief valve.
• Practical Advice:
  • Familiarize yourself with the control lever, as it allows you to manage the flow of oil effectively.
  • Perform regular calibration of the control valve to maximize the performance of the excavator's hydraulic system.

Step 4: Understanding the Actuator Cylinder

• Function: The actuator cylinder is the final component that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to operate attachments.
• Practical Advice:
  • Regularly inspect the cylinders for leaks or signs of wear, as these can affect performance.
  • Ensure that the connections to the attachments are secure and functioning correctly to avoid accidents.

Step 5: Managing Low Power Issues

• Function: Addressing low power issues in the hydraulic system can significantly enhance the excavator's performance.
• Practical Advice:
  • Check for blockages or restrictions in the hydraulic lines that may reduce flow.
  • Ensure that all components are properly calibrated and functioning to prevent power loss.

Conclusion

Understanding the basic components and principles of hydraulic systems in heavy machinery is crucial for effective operation and maintenance. By familiarizing yourself with the hydraulic tank, pump, control valves, and actuator cylinders, you can ensure that your Komatsu construction equipment operates at peak efficiency. Regular inspections and maintenance will help prevent issues and extend the lifespan of your machinery. For further learning, consider hands-on training or workshops offered by equipment suppliers like United Tractor.