NGAJI Ushul Fiqh untuk Pemula Sesi 2 - Al-Quran Sumber Hukum Pertama | Harakah Islamiyah

Introduction

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide on understanding the Quran as the primary source of Islamic law, based on the second session of the Ushul Fiqh series. It aims to equip beginners with foundational knowledge about how the Quran serves as the basis for legal principles in Islam.

Step 1: Understand the Definition of the Quran

• The Quran is the holy book of Islam, believed to be the word of God as revealed to Prophet Muhammad.
• It serves as the main source of guidance for Muslims in all aspects of life, including law, ethics, and spirituality.

Step 2: Recognize the Argumentation for the Quran as a Legal Source

• There are three main arguments supporting the Quran as the primary source of law:
  1. Rational Argument: The teachings of the Quran align with human reason and morality.
  2. Textual Evidence: Verses from the Quran and Hadith affirm its authority.
  3. Historical Validation: The Quran has proven its truth over time, resisting challenges to its authenticity.

Step 3: Explore the Types of Laws in the Quran

• The Quran encompasses three types of laws:
  1. Aqidah (Belief): Laws pertaining to faith and belief in God.
  2. Akhlak (Morality): Ethical teachings guiding personal conduct.
  3. Amaliyah (Practices): Laws governing actions and rituals.

Step 4: Understand the Models of Quranic Explanation

• The Quran provides legal guidance through three models:
  1. Ijmali (Global): General principles without detailed specifications.
  2. Tafsili (Detailed): Specific regulations and their applications.
  3. Isyari (Indications): Implicit messages and meanings requiring interpretation.

Step 5: Learn About the Number of Legal Verses

• Scholars differ on the number of legal verses in the Quran:
  • Some assert there are approximately 150 verses.
  • Others claim there are around 200 or even 500.
  • Some scholars argue that every verse in the Quran holds legal significance.

Step 6: Develop Skills for Extracting Legal Principles from the Quran

• To effectively derive legal rulings from the Quran, one must master:
  1. Arabic Language Rules: Understanding the language is crucial for accurate interpretation.
  2. Legal Principles: Familiarity with Islamic legal theory is necessary.
  3. Maqashid Syariah (Objectives of Sharia): Comprehending the broader goals of Islamic law enhances understanding.

Conclusion

The Quran is the cornerstone of Islamic law, offering a wealth of guidance through its teachings. By understanding its definitions, arguments for its authority, types of laws, explanation models, and the skills needed to interpret it, beginners can build a solid foundation in Ushul Fiqh. For further learning, consider exploring the subsequent sessions in the Ushul Fiqh series to deepen your understanding of Islamic jurisprudence.